Burnout syndrome, conflicts, emotional labor: discriminating profile between leaders and led

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v18i1.3146

Keywords:

burnout syndrome, conflict at work, emotional work, leadership

Abstract

Workers, both leaders and led, have been exposed to several occupational stressors that, when persistent, can cause Burnout Syndrome. The study aimed to identify the discriminating profile between a group of leading workers and another group of workers, with regard to the dimensions of the Burnout Syndrome (enthusiasm towards job, psychological exhaustion, indolence, guilt), conflict at work (cognitive conflict with task focus, task focus emotional conflict, relationship focus emotional conflict) and emotional labor (demand, dissonance). The sample consisted of 628 workers, 247 leaders and 381 led, who answered the Spanish Burnout Inventory, the Triple Conflict Scale, two subscales of Emotional Work: Emotional Demand and Emotional Dissonance and a questionnaire of sociodemographic and labor data. Data were analyzed using discriminant analysis. The discriminant profile revealed that the group of leaders was distinguished by having more emotional conflict with a focus on the task and emotional demand; the group led showed greater indolence, enthusiasm towards job and guilt. The results make it possible to suggest different actions for the investigated groups.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Akhlaghimofrad, A., & Farmanesh, P. (2021). The association between interpersonal conflict, turnover intention and knowledge hiding: The mediating role of employee cynicism and moderating role of emotional intelligence. Management Science Letters, 11, 2081-2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2021.3.001

Antelo, A., Prilipko, E. V., & Sheridan-Pereira, M. (2010). Assessing effective attributes of followers in a leadership process. Contemporary Issues in Education Research, 3(9), 33-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/cier.v3i10.234

Barki, H., & J. Hartwick (2004). Conceptualizing the construct of interpersonal conflict. International Journal of Conflict Management, 15(3), 216-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb022913

Brotheridge, C. M., & Grandey, A. A. (2002). Emotional labor and burnout: Comparing two perspectives of “people work”. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60(1), 17-39. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1815

Carlotto, M. S., Abbad, G. da S., Sticca, M. G., Carvalho-Freitas, M. N. de, & Oliveira, M. S. de. (2021). Burnout syndrome and the work design of education and health care professionals. Psico-USF, 26(2), 291-303. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712021260208

Cavazotte, F., Abelha, D. M., & Turano, L. M. (2021). Effects of emotion displays on followers’ perceptions of principled leaders. Brazilian Administration Review, 18(1), e190142. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-7692bar2021190142

Cavanaugh, K. J., Lee, H. Y., Daum, D., Chang, S., Izzo, J. G., Kowalski, A., & Holladay, C. L. (2020). An examination of burnout predictors: Understanding the influence of job attitudes and environment. Healthcare, 8(4), 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040502

Danauskė, E., Raišienė, A. G., & Korsakienė, R. (2023). Coping with burnout? Measuring the links between workplace conflicts, work-related stress, and burnout. Business: Theory and Practice, 24(1), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2023.16953

Deep, S., Othman, H., & Mohd Salleh, B. (2016). Potential causes and outcomes of communication conflicts at the workplace – a qualitative study in Pakistan. Journal of Management Info, 3(3), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.31580/jmi.v11i1.54

De Hert, S. (2020). Burnout in Healthcare Workers: Prevalence, Impact and Preventative Strategies. Local and Regional Anesthesia, 13, 171-183. https://doi.org/10.2147/LRA.S240564

De Wit, F. R. C., Greer, L. L., & Jehn, K. A. (2012). The paradox of intragroup conflict: a meta-analysis. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(2), 360-390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0024844

Dyrbye, L. N., Major-Elechi, B. J., Hays, J. T., Fraser, C. H., Buskirk, S. J., & West, C. P. (2020). Relationship between organizational leadership and health care employee burnout and satisfaction. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 95(4), 698-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.10.041

Edú-Valsania, S., Laguía, A., & Moriano, J. A. (2022). Burnout: A review of theory and measurement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, 1780. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031780

Fidelis, J. F., Zille, L. P., & Rezende, F. V. de. (2020). Estresse e trabalho: O drama dos gestores de pessoas nas organizações contemporâneas. Revista de Carreiras e Pessoas, 10(3), 466-485. http://dx.doi.org/10.20503/recape. v10i3.49552

Gil-Monte, P. R (2005). El síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout). Una enfermedad laboral en la sociedad del bienestar. Pirâmide.

Gil-Monte, P. R. (2011). CESQT - Cuestionario para la evaluación del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo: Manual. TEA.

Gil-Monte, P. R., Carlotto, M. S., & Câmara, S. G. (2010). Validação da versão brasileira do “Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo” em professores. Revista de Saúde Pública, 44(1), 140-147. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102010000100015

Hjertø, K., & Kuvaas, B. (2017). Burning hearts in conflict: New perspectives on the intragroup conflict and team effectiveness relationship. International Journal of Conflict Management, 28(1), 50-73. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-02-2016-0009

Jeung, D. Y., Kim, C., & Chang, S. J. (2018). Emotional labor and burnout: A review of the literature. Yonsei Medical Journal, 59(2), 187-193. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2018.59.2.187

Jin, Y. Y., Noh, H., Shin, H., & Lee, S. M. (2015). A typology of burnout among Korean teachers. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 24, 309-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-014-0181-6

Kammerhoff, J., Lauenstein, O., & Schütz, A. (2019). Leading toward harmony– Different types of conflict mediate how followers’ perceptions of transformational leadership are related to job satisfaction and performance. European Management Journal, 37(2), 210-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2018.06.003

Klebe, L., Felfe, J., & Klug, K. (2022). Mission impossible? Effects of crisis, leader and follower strain on health-oriented leadership. European Management Journal, 40(3), 384-392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.07.001

Laeeque, S. H., Bilal, A., Babar, S., Khan, Z., & Rahman, S. U. (2018). How patient-perpetrated workplace violence leads to turnover intention among nurses: The mediating mechanism of occupational stress and burnout. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 27(1), 96-118. http://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2017.1410751

Leighton, K., Kardong-Edgren, S., Schneidereith, T., & Foisy-Doll, C. (2021). Using social media and snowball sampling as an alternative recruitment strategy for research. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 55, 37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.03.006

Llorca-Pellicer, M., Soto-Rubio, A., &. Gil-Monte, P. R. (2021). Development of burnout syndrome in non-university teachers: influence of demand and resource variables. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644025

Llorens. G., S., & Salanova S., M. (2011). Burnout: Un problema psicológico y social. Riesgo Laboral, 37, 26-28.

Lubbadeh, T. (2021). Job burnout and counterproductive work behaviour of the Jordanian bank employees. Organizacija, 54(1), 50-62. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2021-0004

Martins, M. C. F, Abad, A. Z., & Peiró, J. M. (2014). Conflitos no ambiente organizacional. Em M. M. M. Siqueira (Org.), Novas medidas do comportamento organizacional. ferramentas de diagnóstico e de gestão, (pp. 132-146). Artmed.

Maslach, C. (2017). Finding solutions to the problem of burnout. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 69(2), 143-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cpb0000090

Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (1997). The truth about burnout: How organizations cause personal stress and what to do about it. Jossey-Bass.

Moin, M. F., Wei, F., Weng, O., & Bodla, A. A. (2021). Leader emotion regulation, leader-member exchange (LMX), and followers’ task performance. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 62(3), 418-425. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12709

Nascimento, L., & Bryto, K. (2019). A influência da liderança na produtividade organizacional: Estudo de caso na empresa Solus Tecnologia. RAC: Revista de Administração e Contabilidade, 6(11), 31-44.

Nielsen, K., Nielsen, M. B., Ogbonnaya, C., Känsälä, M., Saari, E., & Isaksson, K. (2017). Workplace resources to improve both employee well-being and performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Work & Stress, 31(2), 101-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1304463

Oh, V. Y. S. (2022). Torn between valences: Mixed emotions predict poorer psychological well-being and job burnout. Journal of Happiness Studies, 23, 2171-2200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-021-00493-z

Oliveira, D., & Mourão, L. (2021). Adaptação cultural para a população brasileira da Escala de Conflito Triplo. Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, 41, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-3703003223431

O’Neill, T. A., McLarnon, M. J. W., Hoffart, G., Onen, D., & Rosehart, W. (2018). The multilevel nomological net of team conflict profiles. International Journal of Conflict Management, 29(1), 24-46. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-05-2016-0038

Parent-Lamarche, A., & Biron, C. (2022). When bosses are burned out: Psychosocial safety climate and its effect on managerial quality. International Journal of Stress Management, 29(3), 219–228 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/str0000252

Rajah, R., Song, Z., & Arvey, R. D. (2011). Emotionality and leadership: Taking stock of the past decade of research. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), 1107-1119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.09.006

Resende, P. C., Martins, M. C. F., & Siqueira, M. M. M. (2010). Bem-estar no trabalho: influência das bases de poder do supervisor e dos tipos de conflito. Mudanças – Psicologia da Saúde, 18(1-2), 47-57.

Rudolph, C. W., Breevaart, K., & Zacher, H. (2022). Disentangling between-person and reciprocal within-person relations among perceived leadership and employee wellbeing. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 27(4), 441-450. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000320

Salas-Vallina, A., Simone, C., & Fernández-Guerrero, R. (2020). The human side of leadership: Inspirational leadership effects on follower characteristics and happiness at work (HAW). Journal of Business Research, 107, 162-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.10.044

Silard, A., & Dasborough, M. T. (2021). Beyond emotion valence and arousal: A new focus on the target of leader emotion expression within leader–member dyads. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(9), 1186-1201. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2513

Shah, P. P., Peterson, R. S., Jones, S. L., & Ferguson, A. J. (2021). Things are not always what they seem: The origins and evolution of intragroup conflict. Administrative Science Quarterly, 66(2), 426-474. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001839220965186

Tanveer, Y., Jiayin, Q., Akram, U., & Tariq, A. (2018). Antecedents of frontline manager handling relationship conflicts. International Journal of Conflict Management, 29(1), 2-23. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-03-2017-0021

Top, C., Abdullah, B., & Faraj, A. (2020). Transformational leadership impact on employee’s performance. Eurasian Journal of Management & Social Sciences, 1(1), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.23918/ejmss.v1i1p49

Wallis, A., Robertson, J., Bloore, R. A., & Jose, P. E. (2021). Differences and similarities between leaders and non leaders on psychological distress, well-being, and challenges at work. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 73(4), 325-348. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/d648u

Van Dijk, P. A., & Brown, A. K. (2006). Emotional labour and negative job outcomes: An evaluation of the mediating role of emotional dissonance. Journal of Management & Organization, 12(02), 101-115. http://doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2006.12.2.101

Van Veldhoven, M., De Jonge, J., Broersen, S., Kompier, M., & Meijman, T. (2002). Specific relationships between psychosocial job conditions and job related stress: A three-level analytic approach. Work and Stress, 16, 207-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370210166399

Zapf, D., Mertini, H., Seifert, C., Vogt, C., & Isic, A. (1999). Frankfurt Emotion Work Scales – Frankfurter Skalen zur Emotionsarbeit FEWS 3.0. Department of Psychology, J. W. Goethe-University Frankfurt.

Published

2024-04-08

How to Cite

Engers Taube, M., Carlotto, M. S., & Gonçalves Câmara, S. (2024). Burnout syndrome, conflicts, emotional labor: discriminating profile between leaders and led. Ciencias Psicológicas, 18(1), e-3146. https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v18i1.3146

Issue

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Similar Articles

<< < > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.