VARIABLES PSICOSOCIALES ASOCIADAS CON CALIDAD DE VIDA RELACIONADA CON LA SALUD EN MUJERES CON CÁNCER DE MAMA POST-CIRUGÍA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

Micaela Reich; Eduardo Remor

doi:10.22235/cp.v4i2.122

Autores

Micaela Reich Universidad Católica del Uruguay
Eduardo Remor Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v4i2.122

Palavras-chave:

Cáncer de Mama, Revisión de Literatura Sistemática, Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud, Estrategias de Afrontamiento, Distrés, Sintomatología Depresiva

Resumo

El cáncer de mama es un tumor maligno que surge de células ubicadas en la mama. Un tumor maligno es un grupo de células neoplásicas que puede desarrollarse e invadir tejido circundante o expandirse en forma de metástasis hacia áreas remotas del cuerpo (American Cancer Society, 2009).

El objetivo del presente estudio de revisión sistemática fue identificar entre la bibliografía existente, aquellas publicaciones que estudiaran factores psicosociales como las estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés y la sintomatología depresiva que pudieran estar asociados o explicar los resultados en la CVRS en mujeres con cáncer de mama post-cirugía, y pudieran ser modificados a través de la intervención psicosocial. La revisión permitió identificar limitaciones en las investigaciones, y plantear sugerencias para estudios futuros. Los estudios se han clasificado teniendo en cuenta los siguientes criterios: considerando los constructos mencionados en su título, así como que se persiguiera a través del análisis de resultados la predicción de alguna de las variables estudiadas, en forma preponderante respecto del resto de ellas. De cada una se describen las participantes, acciones, y resultados principales. Se discuten las derivaciones de cara a intervenciones psicosociales futuras. Los hallazgos de la presente revisión sugieren que las mujeres con cáncer de mama son vulnerables en tanto su CVRS puede verse afectada, o bien puedan presentar distrés psicológico, y desarrollar sintomatología depresiva. Ciertos estilos de afrontamiento, y ciertas variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, y psicosociales están asociados a un mejor ajuste a la enfermedad.

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