PsyCap Promotion Intervention Program (PIPP) for Healthcare Professionals: Intervention Description

Ana Paula Pinheiro Ruiz; João Nuno Ribeiro Viseu; Cristian David Cifuentes Tinjaca; Saúl Neves Jesus

doi:10.22235/cp.v20i1.4584

Autores/as

Ana Paula Pinheiro Ruiz University of Algarve https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-1742
João Nuno Ribeiro Viseu University of Évora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-7300
Cristian David Cifuentes Tinjaca Universidad Nacional de Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5648-2748
Saúl Neves Jesus University of Algarve https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-1011

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v20i1.4584

Palabras clave:

PsyCap, Profesionales de la salud, Programa de intervención, Lugar de trabajo saludable

Resumen

El bienestar de los profesionales de la salud es un factor central para el desempeño y la sostenibilidad de las organizaciones, y puede promoverse mediante el desarrollo del Capital Psicológico Positivo (PsyCap). El objetivo principal de este estudio fue describir la metodología de desarrollo del Programa de Intervención para la Promoción del Capital Psicológico (PIPP), su marco teórico y la descripción práctica de la intervención. El desarrollo del PIPP siguió las etapas del Modelo de Entornos de Trabajo Saludables de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, lo que dio lugar a tres revisiones sistemáticas y dos estudios empíricos, que culminaron en el presente estudio, que completa la fase de planificación. El programa fue diseñado con base en la Intervención en Capital Psicológico (PCI), las directrices del Colegio Portugués de Psicólogos, la evidencia empírica y técnicas de la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual (TCC). Estructurado en seis sesiones, el PIPP integra componentes teóricos y actividades prácticas, incluyendo lluvia de ideas, establecimiento de objetivos SMART, juegos de roles, mindfulness y reestructuración cognitiva, apoyadas por ocho técnicas de TCC. La implementación se desarrolla en tres fases, con la evaluación de los efectos realizada en tres momentos distintos. El PIPP está diseñado para promover el desarrollo de recursos psicológicos positivos que facilitan la adaptación a los desafíos, el enfoque en los objetivos y la gestión de la adversidad, lo que contribuye a mejoras en el funcionamiento cognitivo, emocional y conductual, así como a entornos de trabajo más saludables y productivos.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Ana Paula Pinheiro Ruiz, University of Algarve

Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Algarve, Portugal

Citas

Ahmed, F., Zhao, F., Faraz, N. A., & Qin, Y. J. (2021). How inclusive leadership paves way for psychological well‐being of employees during trauma and crisis: A three‐wave longitudinal mediation study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77(2), 819-831. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14637

Almeida, P. D. (2014). Resistência à mudança organizacional: estudo comparativo entre os fatores que motivam a resistência à mudança organizacional em uma empresa pública e outra privada [Monografia de especialização, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná]. Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná https://riut.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/bitstream/1/22993/3/PB_GP_lV_2014_12.pdf

Almeida, T. C. D., Heitor, M. J., Santos, O., Costa, A., Virgolino, A., Rasga, C., Martiniano, H. & Vicente, A. (2020). Saúde mental em tempos de pandemia-SM-COVID-19: relatório final. Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/7245

An, M., Shin, E. S., Choi, M. Y., Lee, Y., Hwang, Y. Y., & Kim, M. (2020). Positive psychological capital mediates the association between burnout and nursing performance outcomes among hospital nurses. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(16), 5988. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165988

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands‐resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2014). Job demands-resources theory. In P. Y. Chen & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Work and wellbeing (pp. 37-64). Wiley Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118539415.wbwell019

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273-285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. (2023). Job demands–resources theory: Ten years later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 25-53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.

Bogler, R., & Somech, A. (2019). Psychological capital, team resources and organizational citizenship behavior. The Journal of Psychology, 153(8), 784-802. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2019.1614515

Bonvalot, G. (1991). Éléments d’une définition de la formation expérientielle. In M. Lamoureux (Ed.), La formation expérientielle des adultes (pp. 317–325). La Documentation française.

Carter, J. W., & Youssef-Morgan, C. M. (2022). Psychological capital development effectiveness of face-to-face, online, and micro-learning interventions. Education and Information Technologies, 27(5), 6553-6575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10824-5

Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2010). Optimism. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(7), 879-889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.006

Caza, A., McCarter, M., Hargrove, D., & Was, S. (2009). Third-party effects of psychological capital: Observer attributions and responses. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2009(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2009.44265238

Chintalapti, N. R. (2021). Impact of employee motivation on work performance. Anusandhan–Ndim’s Journal of Business and Management Research, 3(2), 24-33. https://doi.org/10.56411/anusandhan.2021.v3i2.24-33

Claudino, M., Pinote, S., & Manzano, M. (2024). Avaliação dos Fatores de Risco Psicossociais em Profissionais de Saúde num Centro Hospitalar Central. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional Online, 17, esub0429. 10.31252/RPSO.10.02.2024

Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 101: Caixa da Gratidão. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (p. 169). UNC.

Conceição, J., & Bueno, G. (2020). 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental. UNC.

Darvishmotevali, M., & Ali, F. (2020). Job insecurity, subjective well-being and job performance: The moderating role of psychological capital. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, 102462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102462

Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499-512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499

Demerouti, E., van Eeuwijk, E., Snelder, M., & Wild, U. (2011). Assessing the effects of a “personal effectiveness” training on psychological capital, assertiveness and self‐awareness using self‐other agreement. Career Development International, 16(1), 60-81. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431111107810

Dudasova, L., Prochazka, J., Vaculik, M., & Lorenz, T. (2021). Measuring psychological capital: Revision of the compound psychological capital scale (CPC-12). PLOS ONE, 16(3), e0247114. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247114

Duncan, E., O'Cathain, A., Rousseau, N., Croot, L., Sworn, K., Turner, K. M., Yardley, L., & Hoddinott, P. (2020). Guidance for reporting intervention development studies in health research (GUIDED): an evidence-based consensus study. BMJ Open, 10(4), e033516. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033516

Faria, M. C. (2020, January 30th -February 1st). Contributos da psicologia positiva para a saúde e bem-estar. Actas do 13º Congresso Nacional de Psicologia da Saúde (pp. 285-293). ISPA. https://repositorio.ispa.pt/bitstream/10400.12/7529/1/13CongNacSaude_285.pdf

Formigo, J. C. F. (2023). Influência do conflito trabalho-família no desempenho individual: O papel moderador do capital psicológico positivo [Master's thesis , Instituto Superior de Gestão]. Repositório Comum. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/46129

Gon, R., Wu, Y., Liu, Y., Yang, R., Zhang, Y., & Xing, L. (2023). Influence of group training based on psychological capital theory on nursing staff’s occupational benefits and job satisfaction in an infusion preparation center. Alternative Therapies in Health & Medicine, 29(3).

Haleem, M., Masood, S., Aziz, M., & Jami, H. (2017). Psychological capital and mental health of rescue workers. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 32(2), 389-405.

Hiera, G. D., & Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 43: Exposição e Experimento - Círculo da Crítica. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (p. 84). UNC.

Izdebski, Z., Kozakiewicz, A., Białorudzki, M., Dec-Pietrowska, J., & Mazur, J. (2023). Occupational burnout in healthcare workers, stress and other symptoms of work overload during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2428. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032428

Karvat, M. E., & Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 74: Relaxamento. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (p. 127). UNC.

Kim, K. J., & Yoo, M. S. (2018). The influence of psychological capital and work engagement on intention to remain of new graduate nurses. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 48(9), 459-465. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000649

Koopman, C., Pelletier, K. R., Murray, J. F., Sharda, C. E., Berger, M. L., Turpin, R. S., Hackleman, P., Gibson, P., Holmes, D., & Bendel, T. (2002). Stanford presenteeism scale: Health status and employee productivity. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 44(1), 14-20. https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-200201000-00004

Lally, P., van Jaarsveld, C. H. M., Potts, H. W. W., & Wardle, J. (2010). How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40(6), 998-1009. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.674

Lorenz, T., Beer, C., Pütz, J., & Heinitz, K. (2016). Measuring psychological capital: Construction and validation of the compound PsyCap scale (CPC-12). PloS one, 11(4), e0152892. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152892

Lupșa, D., Vîrga, D., Maricuțoiu, L. P., & Rusu, A. (2020). Increasing psychological capital: A pre‐registered meta‐analysis of controlled interventions. Applied Psychology, 69(4), 1506-1556. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12219

Luthans, B. C., Luthans, K. W., & Avey, J. B. (2014). Building the leaders of tomorrow: The development of academic psychological capital. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 21(2), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051813517003

Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., & Peterson, S. J. (2010). The development and resulting performance impact of positive psychological capital. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 21(1), 41-67. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.20034

Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Norman, S. M., & Combs, G. M. (2006). Psychological capital development: Toward a micro‐intervention. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(3), 387-393. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.373

Luthans, F., Avolio, B. J., Avey, J. B., & Norman, S. M. (2007). Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60(3), 541-572. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00083.x

Luthans, F., Luthans, K. W., & Luthans, B. C. (2004). Positive psychological capital: Beyond human and social capital. Business Horizons, 47(1), 45-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2003.11.007

Luthans, F., Youssef-Morgan, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2015). Psychological capital and beyond. Oxford University Press.

Martin, A., Sanderson, K., Scott, J., & Brough, P. (2009). Promoting mental health in small-medium enterprises: An evaluation of the “Business in Mind” program. BMC Public Health, 9, 239. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-239

Masten, A. S., & Reed, M. G. J. (2002). Resilience in development. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 74-88). Oxford University Press.

Matos, M. G. (2017). Sem medo e sem riscos: Desafios da psicologia na prevenção e promoção do século 21. In Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses (Ed.), Pensar a Psicologia (pp. 50-65). https://www.ordemdospsicologos.pt/ficheiros/documentos/pensar_a_psicologia_ebook.pdf

Nepomuceno, A., & Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 02: Tomando Decisões. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (pp. 14). UNC.

Nunes, A. P. L. (2017). Programa de intervenção para prevenção do burnout em unidades de cuidados intensivos: Um dever ético [Doctoral Dissertation, Universidade Católica Portuguesa]. Repositorio Universidade Católica Portuguesa. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/24180

Paulitisky, E. E., & Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 20: Reformulação de Imagens Mentais. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (pp. 44-45). UNC.

Read, M. (2024, 1st October). How to measure employee wellness programs ROI in 2025. Forma. https://www.joinforma.com/resources/employee-wellness-programs-roi

Rodrigues, F. J. S. (2022). O capital psicológico positivo como preditor do bem-estar no trabalho: Um estudo no setor do retalho [Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa]. Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto da ULisboa. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/27235

Rodrigues, M. C. H., & Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 69: Meditação de Um Minuto. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (pp. 120-121). UNC.

Rudey, C. W. O., & Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 08: Role-Play Racional-Emocional. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (pp. 22). UNC.

Ruiz, A. P. P. S., Viseu, J. N. R., Cifuentes-Tinjaca, C. D. & Jesus, S. N. (2024). Positive psychological capital in health professionals: A systematic literature review. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 56, 164-179. https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2024.v56.17

Ruiz, A. P. P. S., Viseu, J. N. R., Cifuentes-Tinjaca, C. D. & Jesus, S. N. (2025). Interventions to Foster PsyCap: A Systematic Literature Review [Unpublished manuscript].

Russo, S. D., & Stoykova, P. (2015). Psychological capital intervention (PCI): A replication and extension. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 26(3), 329-347. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21212

Sachweh, E. S., & Conceição, J. (2020). Técnica 16: Roda da Vida. In J. Conceição & G. Bueno (Eds.), 101 técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (pp. 35-38). UNC.

Salanova, M., & Ortega-Maldonado, A. (2019). Psychological capital development in organizations: An integrative review of evidence-based intervention programs. In L. E. van Zyl & S. Rothmann (Eds.), Positive Psychological Intervention Design and Protocols for Multi-cultural Contexts (pp. 81-102). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20020-6_4

Santos, A. A. D. C. (2021). O estado da arte do capital psicológico (psycap) grupal: uma revisão bibliométrica [Master's thesis, Universidade de Coimbra]. Repositorio da Universidade de Coimbra. https://hdl.handle.net/10316/96523

Santos, M. C., & Wechsler, S. M. (2015). Análise das publicações científicas sobre otimismo em saúde no último triênio. Psicologia Argumento, 33(83). https://doi.org/10.7213/psicol.argum.33.083.AO03

Santos, N. R., Pais, L., Mónico, L. S., & Macedo, R. C. (2019). Capital psicológico: um estudo sobre o significado das suas dimensões. In L. Mónico, C. Carvalho, D. Dias, & P. Parreira (Eds.), Capital Psicológico, Estratégia e Gestão na Diversidade das Organizações (pp. 51-72). Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra.

Schaufeli, W., & Bakker, A. (2003). Utrecht work engagement scale: Preliminary manual. Occupational Health Psychology Unit, Utrecht University.

Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping, and health: assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4(3), 219-247. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-6133.4.3.219

Secosan, I., Virga, D., Crainiceanu, Z. P., Bratu, L. M., & Bratu, T. (2021). The moderating role of personal resources between demands and Ill-Being of romanian healthcare professionals in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 2148. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.736099

Seligman, M. (2012). A vida que floresce: Um novo conceito visionário da felicidade e do bem-estar. Estrela Polar.

Sharp, R. (2019). Career crescendo: An experimental analysis of a 6-week work-site intervention to determine the developmental capacity of psychological capital. Journal of Management Development, 38(9), 719-732. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-10-2018-0295

Snyder, C. R., Irving, L. M., & Anderson, J. R. (1991). Hope and health. In C. R. Snyder & D. R. Forsyth (Eds.), Handbook of social and clinical psychology: The health perspective (pp. 285-305). Pergamon Pres.

Souza, M. F., da Costa Sousa, I., Vidal, E. C. F., & Vidal, E. C. F. (2015). Fatores contributivos para motivação dos profissionais de saúde da atenção básica de saúde. Caderno de Cultura e Ciência, Cariri, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.14295/cad.cult.cienc.v13i2.863

Stratman, J. L., & Youssef-Morgan, C. M. (2019). Can positivity promote safety? Psychological capital development combats cynicism and unsafe behavior. Safety Science, 116, 13-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.02.031

United Nations. (2020). Sustainable Development Goals. http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/

Viseu, J. N. R. (2017). A motivação profissional dos docentes do ensino básico e secundário: A influência de variáveis organizacionais, individuais e pertencentes à interface sujeito-organização [Doctoral dissertation, Universidade do Algarve]. Repositório da Universidade do Algarve

World Health Organization. (2010). Ambientes de trabalho saudáveis: Um modelo para ação: Para empregadores, trabalhadores, formuladores de política e profissionais. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44307/9789241599313_por.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y

World Health Organization. (2020). Global Plan of Action on Workers’ Health 2008–2017.

Yang, S., Huang, H., Qiu, T., Tian, F., Gu, Z., Gao, X., & Wu, H. (2020). Psychological capital mediates the association between perceived organizational support and work engagement among Chinese doctors. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00149

Youssef‐Morgan, C. M., & A. Sundermann, D. (2014). Positive interventions: from prevention to amplification. In T. W. Taris, M. C. W. Peeters & J. de Jonge (Eds.), An introduction to contemporary work psychology (pp. 458-480). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394259564.ch19

Youssef-Morgan, C. M., & Luthans, F. (2011). Psychological capital: Meaning, findings, and future directions. In G. M. Spreitzer & K. S. Cameron (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of positive organizational scholarship (pp. 16-27). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199734610.013.0002

Zeng, L., Feng, F., Jin, M., Xie, W., Li, X., Li, L., Peng, Y., & Wang, J. (2023). Psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior among nurses during the COVID-19 epidemic: mediation of organizational commitment. BMC Nursing, 22(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01332-7