Efectos emocionales desencadenados por imágenes de fútbol: Un estudio sobre el fanatismo
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https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v18i2.3849Palabras clave:
fanatismo, fútbol, valencia afectiva, excitación emocional, psicología del deporteResumen
El presente estudio investigó los efectos de la visualización de imágenes de equipos favoritos y rivales en los indicadores de valencia y activación emocional para averiguar la interacción con los niveles de fanatismo de los hinchas de fútbol. Veintisiete voluntarios (M = 22 años; DE = 3.25) participaron en este experimento, quienes evaluaron la agradabilidad (valencia hedónica) y la excitación emocional (activación) desencadenada por un conjunto de imágenes neutrales, positivas y negativas del International System of Affective Pictures (IAPS), con más de 30 imágenes experimentales del equipo favorito y el rival. Las evaluaciones se realizaron utilizando la escala Self Assessment Manikin (SAM) y la Escala de Fanatismo en Hinchas de Fútbol (EFHF). Análisis comparativos demostraron que el nivel de fanatismo no influyó en la atribución de la valencia hedónica de las imágenes. Sin embargo, las personas con niveles más altos de fanatismo presentaron una excitación superior ante imágenes neutras (p < .01; d = 0.914), imágenes del equipo favorito (p < .01; d = 1.49) e imágenes del equipo rival (p < .01; d = 0.83). El análisis de dispersión sugirió la implicación de los sistemas motivacionales apetitivos y aversivos en respuesta a las imágenes del equipo favorito y rival, respectivamente. Los resultados del estudio ayudan a comprender el fanatismo en el fútbol.
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