Habilidades ejecutivas: actualización, cambio entre conjuntos mentales e inhibición en niños no mapuche urbanos, mapuche urbanos y mapuche rurales de La Araucanía, Chile

Rebeca Muñoz Sanhueza; Paula Alonqueo Boudon

doi:10.22235/cp.v18i2.3385

Autores

Rebeca Muñoz Sanhueza Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-1820
Paula Alonqueo Boudon Universidad de La Frontera https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-1262

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v18i2.3385

Palavras-chave:

contextos culturais, diferenças culturais, habilidades executivas, crianças mapuches, cultura, Chile

Resumo

Children's cognitive abilities differ according to the cultural development settings in which they are raised. Assuming cultural variability, this study compared the executive functions in 110 children, aged 9 to 11 years, belonging to three groups: urban non-Mapuche, urban Mapuche, and rural Mapuche, from communes in the Araucanía region, Chile. A descriptive and correlational design was used to contrast children's performance on the variables of interest. The battery of instruments comprised three tests that assessed updating, set-shifting, and inhibition, respectively. The results indicate no statistically significant differences in updating and set-shifting, but there was a statistical significance for differences in inhibition, with non-Mapuche children having greater inhibition than the other two groups. The findings are discussed according to the hypothesis that skill development is related to the daily practices, demands, and sociodemographic characteristics of the settings in which children are raised.

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