Anotaciones iniciales para una reflexión ética sobre la regulación de la Inteligencia Artificial en la Unión Europea

Jonathan Piedra Alegría

doi:10.22235/rd28.3264

Autores

Jonathan Piedra Alegría Universidad de Costa Rica & Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4532-4415

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22235/rd28.3264

Palavras-chave:

ética, regulação, autorregulação, inteligência artificial, direitos humanos

Resumo

Este artigo discute os esforços da União Europeia (UE) para criar um marco de governança sobre a inteligência artificial (IA) e aponta que, embora as propostas regulatórias sejam um passo importante, existe um grande espaço para melhoria no que diz respeito às questões éticas. Argumenta-se que a abordagem baseada em direitos humanos (DDHH) deve ser o marco regulatório e protetor de todas as pessoas em relação à IA, e que a regulação clara e concisa baseada nos DDHH não pode ser substituída por visões éticas "light". Para isso, destaca-se a importância de uma abordagem regulatória proativa por parte dos Estados para criar espaços de reflexão e impacto ético nos quais diferentes vozes intervenham, ao mesmo tempo que se questiona a ideia de deixar a regulação da IA nas mãos de empresas e corporações. Finalmente, destaca-se a necessidade de uma abordagem regulatória mais sólida, baseada nos DDHH, para abordar os dilemas ético-legais associados à IA.

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