Structure and invariance of the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS)  in adolescents

André Faro; Ludgleydson Fernandes de Araújo; Silvana  Carneiro Maciel; Tiago Jessé  Souza de Lima; Luana Elayne  Cunha de Souza

doi:10.22235/cp.v15i2.2069

Authors

André Faro Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-6297
Ludgleydson Fernandes de Araújo Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI) http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4486-7565
Silvana Carneiro Maciel Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1489-1126
Tiago Jessé Souza de Lima Universidade de Brasília (UnB) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-4285
Luana Elayne Cunha de Souza Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-9598

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v15i2.2069

Keywords:

confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance, adolescents, anxiety, depression

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to test the factorial structure and gender invariance of the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) in a non-clinical sample of 657 adolescents (Mage = 16.3 years; SD = 1.19). The research design was an instrumental investigation, based on a cross-sectional survey with a sample of adolescents in Brazil. The results presented satisfactory evidence of the validity of the factorial structure and gender invariance for the sample. The composite reliability was also satisfactory, and no problems were detected related to common method bias. The mean of the items explained variance was .31 (31 %), with a Cronbach’s Alpha at .84 for the total scale, .81 and .69 for the anxiety and depression subscales, respectively. In the discussion, we analyzed questions related to the average variance extracted of the scale, which was lower than expected. Thus, we conclude that the current findings provide validity evidence to the application of the HADS with Brazilian adolescents for clinical or research purposes.

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