Adaptación y análisis de la estructura interna  de la Escala de Sentido de Pertenencia Universitaria (ESPU) en estudiantes peruanos

Jossué Correa-Rojas; Mirian Grimaldo; Paloma Valdivia-Vizarreta; Monica Del Aguila-Chávez

doi:10.22235/cp.v18i1.3498

Autores

Jossué Correa-Rojas Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-7210
Mirian Grimaldo Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-1906
Paloma Valdivia-Vizarreta Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1499-5478
Monica Del Aguila-Chávez Universidad Marcelino Champagnat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7538-7519

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v18i1.3498

Palavras-chave:

sentimento de pertença, Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, educacao, estudantes universitários, validade

Resumo

O sentimento de pertencimento refere-se à experiência de participação em um sistema ou ambiente de forma que cada membro se sinta parte integrante desse sistema. Este atributo é de interesse no âmbito educativo em distintos níveis, entretanto, não existem instrumentos que permitam sua mensuração nesse meio. O objetivo do estudo foi adaptar e analisar a estrutura interna da Escala de Sentido de Pertencimento em estudantes universitários peruanos (ESPU). Trabalhou-se com uma amostra de conveniência composta por 827 universitários, divididos em dois grupos, um de 220 estudantes (68,6 % mulheres) com média de idade de 21,68 anos (DP = 4,87), com o qual foi realizado uma análise fatorial exploratória. O segundo grupo foi composto por um total de 607 participantes (69,7 % mulheres), com média de idade de 21,28 anos (DP = 4,21), com o qual foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias. Os resultados mostram a adaptação linguística, apreciando-se uma adequada concordância interobservadores (RVC > 0,70). A análise fatorial exploratória sugere uma estrutura de dois fatores (χ² = 646,750; gl = 36,00; p < 0,001) que explica 41,2 % da variância; esta estrutura foi corroborada pela análise fatorial confirmatória, que alcançou índices de ajuste adequados (CFI = 0,998; TLI = 0,996; RMSEA = 0,048). A confiabilidade da escala foi determinada pela consistência interna, sendo encontrados coeficientes ômega entre 0,665 e 0,929. Em suma, a ESPU é um instrumento com evidências adequadas de validade e confiabilidade para medir o sentimento de pertencimento.

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