Definições para “cuidados paliativos”, “final de vida” e doença terminal em oncologia: scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22235/ech.v9i2.2317Palavras-chave:
Cuidados paliativos, estado terminal, cuidados paliativos na terminalidade da vida, oncologia médica, pesquisa qualitativaResumo
Objetivo: identificar e mapear as definições de cuidados paliativos, final de vida e doença terminal na literatura em oncologia. Materiais e métodos: scoping review baseada nas recomendações do Joanna Briggs Institute. Analisamos artigos oriundos de estudos primários, publicados entre 2012 e 2017, indexados nas bases de dados Pubmed, Web of Science e Scopus. Foram selecionados 51 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Também foram consultados websites de 25 sociedades de Cuidados Paliativos dos países com melhor classificação no índice de qualidade de morte da revista The Economist. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e síntese dos temas, no caso, as definições. Resultados: doença terminal é aquela com tempo de vida que varia entre horas e meses, há piora clínica, deterioramento funcional e metástases. Cuidados Paliativos têm por finalidade a promoção da qualidade de vida e a dignidade. Final de vida é o período de até 12 meses que antecede a morte. Conclusões: construiu-se síntese e definições para os conceitos investigados, sendo possível contribuir para adoção de uma linguagem padronizada nos cuidados e investigações junto aos pacientes oncológicos em final de vida.
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