Efeitos de uma intervenção baseada em normas sociais para reduzir comportamentos de consumo de álcool em adolescentes argentinos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v18i1.3316Palavras-chave:
normas sociais, educação secundária, consumo de álcool, feedback normativoResumo
As normas sociais relacionadas ao álcool são crenças internalizadas sobre a extensão e a aprovação do consumo de álcool em grupos sociais de referência. Programas de prevenção baseados em normas sociais e percepções comportamentais desafiam vieses cognitivos e promovem escolhas saudáveis por meio de informações reais sobre comportamentos específicos. Até onde sabemos, esses programas não foram aplicados na América do Sul. Objetivos: este estudo examinou a eficácia de uma intervenção de normas sociais para reduzir comportamentos de consumo de álcool em estudantes do ensino médio na cidade de Córdoba (Argentina). Participaram 92 estudantes (M idade = 14,18 ± 0,82 anos). Foi utilizado um desenho fatorial 2 (tipo de administração escolar: pública, privada) x 2 (tratamento: experimental, controle). Foram coletadas informações sobre consumo real e percebido de álcool e detectaram-se discrepâncias entre as duas medidas. Resultados: Breves sessões de feedback, complementadas por cartazes em sala de aula, reduziram a prevalência e a frequência do consumo de álcool. Esses efeitos foram mais perceptíveis nas escolas públicas. Conclusões: Este é, até onde sabemos, o primeiro estudo sobre a aplicação de uma estratégia de normas sociais para reduzir o consumo de álcool em estudantes sul-americanos.
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